Sida mid ka mid ah biraha ugu horreeya uguna isticmaalka badan adduunka, macdanta birta waa shey lagama maarmaan u ah wax soo saarka birta iyo birta.Waqtigan xaadirka ah, kheyraadka macdanta birta ayaa sii yaraanaya, oo lagu garto qayb sare oo ah macdanta caatada ah marka loo eego macdanta hodanka ah, macdanta la xidhiidha, iyo curiyeyaasha kakan ee macdanta.Birta waxaa sida caadiga ah laga soo saaraa macdanta, loo yaqaan hematite ama magnetite, iyada oo loo marayo habka loo yaqaan ka faa'iidaysiga macdanta birta.Tallaabooyinka gaarka ah ee ku lug leh soo saarista warshadaha birta way kala duwanaan karaan iyadoo ku xiran nooca macdanta iyo alaabta la rabo, laakiin habka guud wuxuu caadi ahaan ku lug leeyahay marxaladaha soo socda:
Macdanta
Kaydka macdanta birta waxaa marka hore lagu gartaa hawlaha sahaminta.Marka la helo deebaaji wax ku ool ah, macdanta waxaa laga soo saaraa dhulka iyadoo la isticmaalayo farsamooyinka macdanta sida godad furan ama dhulka hoostiisa.Wejigan bilawga ah ayaa muhiim ah maadaama uu dejinayo marxaladaha soo-saarista xiga.
Burburinta iyo shiididda
Macdanta la soo saaray ayaa markaa la jajabiyaa qaybo yaryar si ay u fududaato sii wadista.Burburinta waxaa badanaa lagu sameeyaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo burburiyaha daanka ama kootada kolayga, iyo shiidida waxaa lagu fuliyaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo qalab wax shiidi oo iskiis u gaar ah ama kuwa kubada.Habkani waxa uu hoos u dhigayaa macdanta si budo ah, taas oo sahlaysa in la maareeyo oo laga shaqeeyo marxaladaha xiga.
Kala-soocidda Magnetka
Birta birta ayaa inta badan ku jirta wasakh ama macdano kale oo u baahan in meesha laga saaro ka hor inta aan loo isticmaalin soo saarista birta iyo birta.Kala-soocidda magnetic waa hab caadi ah oo loo adeegsado in lagu kala saaro macdanta magnetic iyo kuwa aan magnetic-ka ahayn.Magnets adag, sida Huate magnet SEPARATOR, ayaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu soo jiito oo lagu kala saaro qaybaha birta iyo gangue (qalabka aan la rabin).Tallaabadani waxay muhiim u tahay hagaajinta nadiifinta macdanta.
Ka faa'iidaysiga
Talaabada xigta waa ka faa'iidaysiga macdanta, halkaas oo ujeedadu tahay in la kordhiyo maadada birta iyada oo loo marayo farsamooyin kala duwan.Habkani waxa uu ku lug yeelan karaa dhaqidda, baadhista, iyo hababka kala soocida cuf-jiidadka si meesha looga saaro wasakhda loona wanaajiyo tayada macdanta.Ka faa'iidaysiga waxa kale oo ka mid noqon kara sabaynta, halkaas oo kiimikooyinka lagu daro macdanta si ay qaybaha birta u sabbeeyaan ugana soocaan walxaha intiisa kale.
Pelletizing ama Sintering
Marka macdanta laga faa'iidaysto, waxa laga yaabaa inay lama huraan noqoto in la isku daro qaybaha ganaaxa oo laga dhigo kuwo waaweyn si loo habeeyo si hufan.Pelletizing waxay ku lug leedahay samaynta pellets yaryar oo wareegsan iyada oo lagu ridi karo macdanta wax lagu daro sida limestone, bentonite, ama dolomite.Sintering, dhinaca kale, waxay ku lug leedahay kululaynta ganaaxyada macdanta oo ay weheliso qulqulo iyo neecaw kookaha si ay u sameeyaan tiro isku-midaysan oo loo yaqaan sinter.Nidaamyadani waxay u diyaariyaan macdanta tallaabada ugu dambeysa ee soo saarista iyagoo hagaajinaya sifooyinkeeda jireed iyo sifooyinkooda maaraynta.
dhalaalid
Tallaabada ugu dambeysa ee habka soo saarista waa dhalaalid, halkaas oo macdanta birta lagu kululeeyo foornada qaraxa oo ay la socoto kookaha (shidaalka karbonaceous) iyo dhagax nuurad (taas oo u shaqeysa sida qulqulka).Kulaylka xooggani wuxuu u kala jejebiyaa macdanta birta dhalaalaysa, taas oo ku urursata foornada gunteeda hoose, iyo dharbaaxo, taas oo korkeeda sabaynaysa oo laga saaro.Birta dhalaalaysa ayaa markaa loo tuuraa qaabab kala duwan, sida jeexjeexyada ama biraha, waxaana lagu sii farsameeyaa si loo helo birta iyo birta la rabo.
Waxaa muhiim ah in la ogaado in kaydka macdanta birta ee kala duwan iyo dhirta farsamaynta laga yaabo in ay ku kala duwanaan karaan hababka gaarka ah ee loo shaqeeyo, laakiin mabaadi'da guud ayaa isku mid ah.Soo saarista birta laga soo saaro macdanta waa hab adag oo tallaabooyin badan leh oo u baahan in si taxadar leh loo maareeyo kheyraadka iyo farsamada.Ku daridda qalabka horumarsan sida kala-soocida magnet-ka Huate waxay kor u qaadaysaa hufnaanta iyo tayada habka kala-soocidda, iyada oo hubinaysa in badeecadda u dambaysa ay la kulanto heerarka loo baahan yahay ee wax-soo-saarka birta iyo birta.
Waqtiga boostada: Jul-08-2024